Perfect motherhood: science and childrearing in America

Redefining motherhood

"Follow the lead of physicians": Motherhood in the late nineteenth century

"Mamma's scientific

she knows all the laws": Motherhood in the early twentieth century

"Follow my instructions exactly": Experts to mothers in the interwar period and during World War II

"The modern way": Mothers, circa 1920-1945

"Now I know that an authority has the same opinion as mine": Motherhood in the postwar period

"Use it to guide, not to dictate": Motherhood in the late twentieth century

Conclusion: "I wanted to do it right".