The creative lives of animals

Animals as creative beings

Animal intelligence: pigeons and higher math

Communication Unlimited: do not ask what that prairie dog is saying about you

Play as a creative source: finding your inner kea

Creating built environments: nests, lodges, bowers, avenues, tunnels, and hives

Sexual exuberance: ratchet-pointing, water dancing, and same-sex enjoyment

Emotional agency: the empathy of chickens

Culture across species: tools, songs, and moral codes of conduct

Creativity has its reasons.