Working text: teaching deaf and second-language students to be better writers

pt. 1. Teaching deaf and second-language students to be better writers. The role of oral/aural abilities in writing The what and why of writing instruction The how of writing instruction Reading and writing to link lexis and grammar I Reading and writing to link lexis and grammar II How will students know when they are becoming better writers? Best practices: not just for hearing students pt. 2. Teacher's guide and supplement to Working text: X-word grammar and writing activities for students. Discovering X-words and subjects, how X-words show time, how X-words match with subjects, editing practice section 1. Using X-words: 20 yes/no questions Make an X-word chart X-words and subjects: statements X-words and 'not' and 'n't': negative statements Finding X-words and subjects #1: Wayside School is Falling Down Finding X-words and subjects #2: A Letter to Mrs. Roosevelt X-Words and time #1: Wayside School is Falling Down Finding X-words and time #2: A Letter to Mrs. Roosevelt X-words and time #3: "My Parents" Subject and X-word match-ups #1 Subject and X-word match-ups #2 X-words and time #4: "On the Evening of September 11th, 2001" Subject and X-word match-ups #3 Subject and X-word match-ups #4 Subject and X-word match-ups #5 A brief word about most WH- (information) questions Practice editing I: "The Necklace" Practice editing II: Charlotte's Web Practice editing III: Charlotte's Web Editing quiz I: editing for missing X-words, time and SX Editing quiz I: answers

section 2. X-words and main verbs, hidden X-words, editing practice. X-word and main verb match-ups #1: "The King and the Bees" X-word and main verb match-ups #2: "Saving the Birds" X-word and main verb match-ups #3 X-word and main verb match-ups #4: A Christmas Treasury X-word and main verb match-ups #5: "The Glass Dog" X-word and main verb match-ups #6: Red Scarf Girl Hidden X-words in main verbs: the powerful X-word "does" #1 Hidden X-words in main verbs: the powerful X-word "does" #2 Hidden X-words in main verbs: the powerful X-word "do" #1 Hidden X-words in main verbs: the powerful X-word "do" #2 Finding hidden "does" and "do": Bob and Mary Hidden X-words in main verbs: the powerful X-word "did" #1 Hidden X-words in main verbs: the powerful X-word "did" #2 Finding hidden "did": Bob and Mary Finding X-words, X-word and main verb match-ups, and hidden X-words #1: "The Midnight Ride" Finding X-words, X-word and main verb match-ups, and hidden X-words #2: "The Story of a Great Story" Practice editing I Practice editing II: Charlotte's Web Practice editing III: Reading for concepts Practice editing IV: New Practice Readers Editing quiz II: editing for X-words, verbs, and infinitives Editing quiz II: answers

section 3. Sentence patterns and editing practice. Review of changing statements into yes/no questions What is a trunk? Changing trunks into yes/no questions Joining trunks: T, + T with 'and' Joining trunks: t, + T with 'but' Joining trunks: T, +t with 'so' Joining trunks: T, + T with 'or' Practice with joiners One trunk with two predicates: T= One trunk with three (or more) predicates joined by 'and' Practice with T, + T and T= Sentence combining with T, + T and T= Linkers and trunks (LT): "The Hotel Owner's Mistake" Other linkers and what they mean Practice with linkers Practice editing for sentence patterns I Practice editing for sentence patterns II Front and end shifters (FT and TE) Shifting shifters: Harvey Slumbenburger's Christmas Present Shifting shifters: "Cinderella" A word about fragments Another word about fragments Inserts (TI) Inserting inserts Practice identifying FT, TE, and TI: Drip! Drop! How Water Gets to Your Tap, "The Paddle Wheel Boat" Identifying all sentence patterns: Ant Cities Practice editing for sentence patterns III Practice editing for sentence patterns IV Practice editing for sentence patterns V: Killing Mr. Griffin Editing Quiz III: editing for sentence patterns Editing Quiz III: answers

section 4. Boxes and main words, countable and uncountable boxes, THE boxes, referents, editing practice. Boxes and main words: The Magic School Bus Inside the Human Body Practice with boxes: New Practice Readers More practice with boxes: "The Year is 1902" Focusing on nouns Countable and uncountable boxes Practice with countable and uncountable boxes Practice correcting countable and uncountable errors THE boxes Recognizing reasons for THE boxes: A Letter to Mrs. Roosevelt Practice with THE boxes #1: Wayside School is Falling Down Practice with THE Boxes #2: "Two Great Painters" Practice with THE boxes #3: Reading Fluency Referents: The Ways of Written English Understanding different forms of referents Choosing the correct referent: Chicken Soup for the Teenage Soul More practice with referents Practice editing inside boxes and for referents I Practice editing inside boxes and for referents II Editing quiz IV: editing inside boxes and for referents Editing quiz IV: answers

Appendices: A. X-words before and now

B. X-words: 1 or 2 or many

C. Some main verb forms

D. Linkers

E. Common shifter words and phrases

F. Countable and uncountable nouns and boxes

G. X-word grammar correction symbols

H. Model essays

I. Model essays grammatically analyzed.